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Monday, November 19, 2012

Intelligent Traffic Lights Based on RFID


Activity administration is the basic issue of the street. Movement lights play an imperative part in the activity administration. The existing activity lights accompany the decided ahead of time arrangement. So the aforementioned lights are called static activity lights. The aforementioned activity lights are not skilled to check the number of vehicles and the necessity of the vehicles on crossing point indicate. Therefore certain vehicles need to hold up even there is no movement on the different side. The vehicles such as Emergency vehicle and Fiery breakout Detachment are in addition stayed in movement and waste their valuable time. The recommended framework gives value of aid to Crisis vehicles and enhances the exactness of Programmed Activity Light Violation Location framework and additionally causes to follow out the taken vehicles utilizing RFID. The streets convergence is a bottleneck indicate in the urban activity system and its exceptionally discriminating junction. Activity may amass instantly and activity driving conditions can happen briskly in the event that the movement Universal Diary of Figuring & Business Research ISSN (Connected): 2229-6166 Incidents of ‘I-Publicly accepted norms 2012’ at GKU, Talwandi Sabo Bathinda (Punjab ) control framework is not productive to fittingly administer the vehicles queues in quick and sharp manner.A sharp activity control framework dependent upon the satellite sensor grid and a cautioning framework for red light intersection situation to caution the drivers on different sides to recovery their lives. This procedure is dependent upon the queue length of the vehicles on the movement lights. They in addition act for the recreation of 4 models which are utilized as a part of the distinctive parts of the globe and shows contending consequences in the terms of holding up time and number of vehicles not served first time. This is a methodology to coordinate Satellite Sensor Arrangement (WSN) in the RFID Book fan to bring about transport administration framework where movement sensors are utilized to send charge to the RFID book fan to drop in the read when it catches the RFID tag development around it then after that RFID Bookworm peruses the substance of RFID tag and go this informative content to accommodate provision by means of IEEE 802.15.4/Zigbee standard, that diminishes the expense and time by killing the wired introduction of link . Here they likewise look at Bluetooth and Zigbee method for satellite correspondence. Every convergence holds 8 RFID book lovers. The street is separated into two paths. Every path has its RFID followers to track the vehicles passing through it. Every crossing point indicate has its particular database to archive the qualified data observing the vehicles that sat back stamp and activity light. Each vehicle has a RFID prepared gadget that stores a vehicle recognizable proof number (VIN). Each vehicle has its special VIN number that furnishes the qualified data noticing the necessity of the vehicle and sort of the vehicle. With the assistance of VIN we can remarkably recognize the vehicle & its possessor. Vehicle ID Number: In the recommended work RFID, tag will store a Vehicle Recognizable proof Number. This number is partitioned into 3 parts: First part act for the necessity of the vehicles. Afterward part stands for the sort of vehicle and subsequently digits stand for the vehicle number. Necessity: In the suggested work, diverse sorts of vehicles have the special necessities. The sum vehicles are partitioned into 4 classes: First framework classification incorporates Rescue vehicle, Fiery breakout Detachment vehicles and V.I.P vehicles. These vehicles have the most astounding necessity. The second class incorporates the transports and school & school transports. The aforementioned transports ought to achieve their objective on time so the aforementioned vehicles moreover need a snappy utility. Third class incorporates the auto, engine cycles and bikes and fourth classification incorporate the Huge vehicles. Day time necessity Global Diary of Processing & Business Research ISSN (Connected): 2229-6166 Processes of ‘I-Social order 2012’ at GKU, Talwandi Sabo Bathinda (Punjab) of 3rd classification is elevated as contrast with 4th classification but around night hours the necessity of the large vehicles towering. Every crossing point on the way has 4 movement lights as demonstrated in the figure 1. Every path has its particular RFID book fan that stores the vehicles sitting back stamp. On the foundation of the time stamp, we discover the violators. For this reason we store the term of the green light. So the vehicles going ahead the relating light are permitted to move in any course. Around this time book lover relating to red light stores the vehicles passing through the path. 
Intelligent Movement Light Controller: Every city has different crossing points as indicated in the figure 2. Two lights are called joined Lights that are put on inverse sides of the street that unite two crossing points. The RFID book fan stores the records of every last trace of the vehicles that passed through the street. The Activity light controller accompanies the same adjust robin succession of the lights. In any case if a Crisis vehicle is recognized at any movement light then controller leave the round robin plan and create the green indicator for the emergency vehicle. The different assignment of the controller is to figure the time of green sign that is dependent upon the number of vehicle. To take care of the situation of Starvation a time utmost is characterized. In the event that this point of confinement overtakes then that light gets its turn. 
Pseudo code for Traffic light control: The emulating given pseudo code encourages to produce a productive contrivance to control the arrangement of the movement light concurring the parameters examined previously. 
While (true)
1. Store all lights in Queue
2. Sense the vehicles on different lights continuously
3. If a high priority vehicle is detected then
a. Send an emergency signal to center Traffic light controller
b. Find the road corresponding to the reader that detect a high priority vehicle
c. Set the corresponding traffic light Green
4. Else
5. For i=1 to 4
a. At decision point dp Pick the traffic light Queue[i]
a. At traffic i Count the number of vehicles & check type of vehicle
b. If Emergency vehicle found then
1. Go to step 3
c. Else follow steps d to f
d. Find the priority of the different vehicle at traffic light i
e. Calculate the total sum according to Number of vehicle
f. On the basis of sum calculate the time for green signal
g. If any light doesn't get it term within the threshold time then
1. Give the turn to that light
6. End Loop
7. End

 Here the essential motivation behind the contrivance is to ascertain the green time length of time and likewise give the value of the aid to the Crisis vehicles like emergency vehicle, Blaze unit and VIP vehicles with the goal that they can get to at their terminus as right on time would be prudent and decrease the time squandered at the Red Light. 


Thursday, November 15, 2012

Electronic code lock using 8051 microcontroller


A 4x3 framework keypad and a 16x2 LCD have been utilized here. Keypad and LCD are exceptionally regularly utilized enter & yield units, separately. A four digit predefined watchword should be specified the user. This secret word is saved in the framework. 

While unlocking, if the dropped in watchword from keypad matches with the archived secret key, then the lock opens and a note is shown on LCD. Moreover a yield bind is made elevated to be utilized for further reason. 

The associations in the circuit are as taking after: port P2 of microcontroller AT89C51 is utilized as information include port which is joined with information binds (7-14) of LCD. P1^0, P1^1 and P1^2 binds of microcontroller are joined with control binds RS, RW and EN of LCD. Port P0 is utilized to take include from keypad. P0^7 has been utilized as lock yield bind of controller. 



As the project begins, string ‘Enter Password’ is shown on LCD. The keypad is checked for pressed digits one by one. Unfailingly, column and section of the nexus pressed is located and a ‘*’ is shown on LCD relating to the dropped in number. When the four digits are dropped in, the user is incited to ‘Confirm Password’ and again the info is taken through LCD. Depending on if the passwords don't match, a note is shown to demonstrate ‘Wrong Password’; generally the user is incited to unlock the apparatus. 


To unlock, user should ‘Enter Password’ through keypad. Again the keypad is examined for pressed keys and comparing digits are distinguished. The passkey is shown as ‘****’ on the LCD screen. When the four digits are dropped in, they are contrasted and the pre-set watchword. Provided that every last trace of the four digits match with set watchword, LCD presentations ‘Lock Open’ and the lock yield bind goes elevated. Depending on if the security code is wrong, ‘Wrong Password’ is sent to be shown on LCD. The framework inches toward getting bolted if more than several endeavors are made with wrong secret key to open the electronic bolt. The framework should be reset in quite an impressive case. 



Parking Gate Control Using IR


Infrared technology is highlighted because of its increasing presence in mainstream applications, its current and potential usage in disability-related applications, and its advantages over other forms of wireless communication as depicted in Fig. 1, infrared radiation is the region of the electromagnetic spectrum between microwaves and visible light. In infrared communication an LED transmits the infrared signal as bursts of non-visible light. At the receiving end a photodiode or photoreceptor detects and captures the light pulses, which are then processed to retrieve the information they contain. Some of the common applications of infrared technology were listed as shown below:
            Infrared technology offers several important advantages as a form of wireless communication. Advantages and disadvantages of IR are first presented, followed by a comparative listing of radio frequency (RF) advantages and disadvantages.
  1. Augmentative communication devices
  2. Car locking systems
  3. Computers
    a. Mouse          b. Keyboards   c. Floppy disk drives               d. Printers
  4. Emergency response systems
  5. Environmental control systems
    a. Windows     b. Doors          c. Lights          d. Curtains      e. Beds                        f. Radios
  6. Headphones
  7. Home security systems
  8. Navigation systems
  9. Signage
  10. Telephones
  11. TVs, VCRs, CD players, stereos
  12. Toys

IR Advantages:

  1. Low power requirements: therefore ideal for laptops, telephones, personal digital assistants
  2. Low circuitry costs: $2-$5 for the entire coding/decoding circuitry
  3. Simple circuitry: no special or proprietary hardware is required, can be incorporated into the integrated circuit of a product
  4. Higher security: directionality of the beam helps ensure that data isn't leaked or spilled to nearby devices as it's transmitted
  5. Portable
  6. Few international regulatory constraints: IrDA (Infrared Data Association) functional devices will ideally be usable by international travelers, no matter where they may be
  7. High noise immunity: not as likely to have interference from signals from other devices